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| Product Type: | Rare Earth Metal | Content(percent): | 99% |
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| Name, SymbolOrder Number: | Cerium, CE, 58 | Series: | Lanthanides |
| Group, Period, Block: | La, 6, F | Appearance: | Silvery White |
| CAS Number: | 7440-45-1 | Mass Fraction Of The Earth's Envelope: | 43ppm |
| Atomic Mass: | 140.116 U | Atomic Radius: | 185 Pm |
| Covalent Radius: | 204 Pm | Elektronenkonf.: | [Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2 |
| 1. Ionization: | 534.4 KJ / Mol | 2. Ionization: | 1050 KJ / Mol |
| 3. Ionization: | 1949 KJ / Mol | 4. Ionization: | 3547 KJ / Mol |
| Physical State: | Fixed | Crystal Structure: | Cubic Area-centered |
| Density: | 6.773 G / Cm3 (25 ° C) | Mohs Hardness: | 2.5 |
| Magnetism: | Paramagnetic (χm = 1.4 · 10-3) | Melting Point: | 1068 K (795 C) |
| Boiling Point: | 3633 K (3360 C) | Molar Volume: | 20.69 * 10 (-6) M (3) / Mol |
| Heat Of Vaporization: | 350 KJ / Mol | Heat Of Fusion: | 5.5 KJ / Mol |
| Speed Of Sound: | 2100 M / S At 293.15 K | Electric Conductivity: | 1.35 * 10 (6) A / (V * M) |
| Thermal Conductivity: | 11 W / (m * K) | ||
| Highlight: | Cerium Metal Ce Rare Earth,99 Cerium Metal Ce Rare Earth,Cerium Metal Hydrogen Storage Material |
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Cerium is the most abundant of the rare earth elements, making up about 0.0046% of the Earth's crust by weight. Commercially cerium and its compounds are being used in catalysts, additives to fuel to reduce emissions and in glass and enamels to change their color.
A traditional use of cerium was in the pyrophoric mischmetal alloy used for flints. Because of the high affinity of cerium to sulfur and oxygen, it is used in various aluminium alloys, and iron alloys. In steels, cerium degasifies and can help reduce sulfides and oxides content, and it is a precipitation hardening agent in stainless steel. Adding cerium to cast irons opposes graphitization and produces a malleable iron. Addition of 3–4% of cerium to magnesium alloys, along with 0.2 to 0.6% zirconium, helps refine the grain and give sound casting of complex shapes. It also adds heat resistance to magnesium castings. Cerium alloys are used in permanent magnets and in tungsten electrodes for gas tungsten arc welding.
Usage:
In metallurgy, cerium is used as an additive for aluminum alloys and high-temperature-resistant iron-based alloys. It supports the separation of sulfur and oxygen in the melting process. The iron-mischmetal alloy Cereisen serves as the starting material for flints for use in lighters and for generating sparks on roller coasters and in movie scenes (accident scenes). Cereisen in the composition 70% cerium and 30% iron, also known as Auermetall, was registered for a patent by Karl Auer von Welsbach in 1903. A modification found worldwide distribution as a flint for lighters.
Small additions of (more or less pure) cerium compounds impart certain properties to other materials:
